Apply to 10 Google Graduate jobs in Ireland on LinkedIn. Sign-up today, leverage your professional network, and get hired. New Google Graduate jobs added daily. Graduate school - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. A graduate school (sometimes shortened as grad school) is a school that awards advanced academic degrees (i. A distinction is typically made between graduate schools (where courses of study vary in the degree to which they provide training for a particular profession) and professional schools, which offer specialized advanced degrees in professional fields such as medicine, nursing, business, engineering, or law. The distinction between graduate schools and professional schools is not absolute, as various professional schools offer graduate degrees (e. Also, some graduate degrees train students for a specific profession (e. Those attending graduate schools are called . Degrees awarded to graduate students include master's degrees, doctoral degrees, and other postgraduate qualifications such as graduate certificates and professional degrees. Producing original research is a significant component of graduate studies in the humanities (e. English literature, history, philosophy), sciences (e. This research typically leads to the writing and defense of a thesis or dissertation. In graduate programs that are oriented towards professional training (e. MPA, MBA, MHA), the degrees may consist solely of coursework, without an original research or thesis component. Additionally, in North America, the term does not usually refer to medical school (whose students are called . Graduate students in the humanities, sciences and social sciences often receive funding from the school (e. Although graduate school programs are distinct from undergraduate degree programs, graduate instruction (in the US, Australia and other countries) is often offered by some of the same senior academic staff and departments who teach undergraduate courses. Unlike in undergraduate programs, however, it is less common for graduate students to take coursework outside their specific field of study at graduate or graduate entry level. Sometimes it can be used to describe a specialization level between a master's degree and a MBA. In that sense, the main difference is that the Lato Sensu courses tend to go deeper into the scientific aspects of the study field, while MBA programs tend to be more focused on the practical and professional aspects, being used more frequently to Business, Management and Administration areas. However, since there are no norms to regulate this, both names are used indiscriminately most of the time. Stricto sensu graduate degrees: degrees for those who wish to pursue an academic career. Usually serves as additional qualification for those seeking a differential on the job market (and maybe later a Ph. D), or for those who want to pursue a Ph. D. Most doctoral programs in Brazil require a master's degree (stricto sensu), meaning that a Lato Sensu Degree is usually insufficient to start a doctoral program. Doctors / Ph. D: 3. Usually used as a stepping stone for academic life. In Canada, the Schools and Faculties of Graduate Studies are represented by the Canadian Association of Graduate Studies (CAGS) or Association canadienne pour les . The Association brings together 5. Internships, Graduate Roles and Scholarships. We run an ever-expanding range of internships and graduate programmes for large international and UK employers.Canadian universities with graduate programs, two national graduate student associations, and the three federal research- granting agencies and organizations having an interest in graduate studies. In addition to an annual conference, the association prepares briefs on issues related to graduate studies including supervision, funding, and professional development. Admission. Some schools require samples of the student's writing as well as a research proposal. At English- speaking universities, applicants from countries where English is not the primary language are required to submit scores from the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). Admission to a doctoral program typically requires a master's degree in a related field, sufficiently high grades, recommendations, samples of writing, a research proposal, and typically an interview with a prospective supervisor. Requirements are often set higher than those for a master's program. In exceptional cases, a student holding an honours BA with sufficiently high grades and proven writing and research abilities may be admitted directly to a Ph. D. Many Canadian graduate programs allow students who start in a master's to . In the case of Ph. D. s, the research direction is usually known as it will typically follow the direction of the master's research. Master's degrees can be completed in one year but normally take at least two; they typically may not exceed five years. Doctoral degrees require a minimum of two years but frequently take much longer, although not usually exceeding six years. Funding. Students often agree, as a condition of acceptance to a programme, not to devote more than twelve hours per week to work or outside interests. Various universities in Canada have different policies in terms of how much funding is available. This funding may also be different within a university in each of the disciplines. Many universities offer Evening MBA programs where students are able to work full- time while obtaining an MBA through evening classes, which allows them to pay their way through school. Funding is available in the form of scholarships, bursaries and other awards, both private and public. Requirements for completion. Most faculties require both, with the emphasis on research, and with coursework being directly related to the field of research. Master's candidates undertaking research are typically required to complete a thesis comprising some original research and ranging from seventy to two- hundred pages. Some fields may require candidates to study at least one foreign language if they have not already earned sufficient foreign- language credits. Some faculties require candidates to defend their thesis, but many do not. Those that do not often have a requirement of taking two additional courses, minimum, in lieu of preparing a thesis. Ph. D. Some faculties require candidates to earn sufficient credits in a third or fourth foreign language; for example, most candidates in modern Japanese topics must demonstrate ability in English, Japanese, and Mandarin, while candidates in pre- modern Japanese topics must demonstrate ability in English, Japanese, Classical Chinese, and Classical Japanese language. At English- speaking Canadian universities, both master's and Ph. D. In exceptional circumstances, a thesis may be presented in French. French- speaking universities have varying sets of rules; some will accept students with little knowledge of French if they can communicate with their supervisors (usually in English). The . These schools have the responsibilities of providing students with a structured doctoral training in a disciplinary field. The field of the school is related to the strength of the university : while some have two or three schools (typically . High marks are required (typically a tr. These fellowships are awarded after submitting a biographical information, undergraduate and graduate transcripts where applicable, letters of recommendation, and research proposal, then an oral examination by an Academical Committee. Germany. Unlike the American model of graduate schools, a Graduiertenkolleg consists only of a Ph. D programme. In contrast with the traditional German apprentice model of pursuing a Ph. D, a Graduiertenkolleg aims to provide young researchers with a structured doctoral training within an excellent research environment. A Graduiertenkolleg typically consists of 2. DFG or another sponsor. The research programme is usually narrowly defined around a specific topic and has an interdisciplinary aspect. The programme is set up for a specific period of time (up to nine years if funded by the DFG). The official English translation of the term Graduiertenkolleg is Research Training Group. In 2. 00. 6, a different type of graduate school, termed Graduiertenschule, was established by the DFG as part of the German Universities Excellence Initiative. They are thematically much broader than the focused Graduiertenkollegs and consist often of 1. United Kingdom. However, numerous universities in the UK have formally launched graduate schools, including the University of Birmingham, Durham University, Keele University, the University of Nottingham, Bournemouth University, Queen's University Belfast and the University of London, which includes graduate schools at King's College London, Royal Holloway and University College London. They often coordinate the supervision and training of candidates for doctorates. United States. The best way to determine how a graduate program will weigh admission materials is to ask the person in charge of graduate admissions at the particular program being applied to. Admission to graduate school requires a bachelor's degree. High grades in one's field of study are important. The Graduate Record Examinationstandardized test is required by almost all graduate schools, while other additional standardised tests (such as the Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) and Graduate Record Examination (GRE) Subject Tests) scores may be required by some institutions or programs. Many universities require a personal statement (sometimes called Statement of purpose or Letter of Intent), which may include indications of the intended area(s) of research. On the other hand, many other institutions often explicitly state that they do not use any sort of cut- offs in terms of GPA or the GRE scores. Instead, they claim to consider many factors, including past research achievements, the compatibility between the applicant's research interest and that of the faculty, the statement of purpose and the letters of reference, as stated above. Some programs also require professors to act as sponsors. Finally, applicants from non- English speaking countries often must take the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL).
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